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This article presents the findings of a survey into the personal safety provisions, services and training for key public service providers and users in Leicester city. The article offers some definitions and approaches to personal safety, which illustrates the breadth and extent to which personal safety is understood. The survey highlights perceptions and experiences of personal safety of workers from a range of agencies in the community in Leicester city. The findings suggest that personal safety is important in terms of debates and decisions about occupational health and safety, delivery of public services, diversity, social inclusion and crime and disorder. The article advocates the need to raise the profile of personal safety especially in service provision, services and training.

Food, health and consumer issues will continue to be a major challenge to all involved in European food production, processing and policy making into the next century. There is still controversy among experts concerning some of the key nutrition issues of today and an increased European interdisciplinary effort is needed to resolve uncertainties in these and other areas. The merits of promoting a European consensus on dietary recommendations should be explored by the CEC. Alternatively, existing recommendations of expert groups in a number of countries could define nutrition policy in most member states. Economic and other incentives to dietary change, as well as consumer education, must be encouraged by the EEC. Agrochemicals appear to pose few risks for consumers in the EEC while food additives, food processing and storage do not give rise to toxicological or nutritional problems for the majority of consumers. However, the area of natural toxicants requires increased attention

The food industry is becoming more science‐based and consumers more conscious of relations between diet and health. The approach of 1992 will require changes in attitudes and in industry structures. Some of the findings of the European Community′s FAST programme are reported. How the food system will develop to the turn of the century and whether there are new Community‐level actions which might help it develop more efficiently are questions which are posed. Actions which promote consumer confidence and those which provide technological support to small agro‐food firms are suggested.

Health‐responsible food marketing in the deepest and technically most challenging sense is more than legitimate marketing (complying with the food regulations), marketing under a company policy of nutritional composition, or even health‐image marketing (seeking to meet the health concerns of some food consumers). Fully health‐responsible food marketing is taking existing commercial options or opening up new ones for the design and presentation of appealing food and beverage products which support those habitual patterns of behaviour that on current evidence are likely to promote physical health while satisfying consumers′ other desires. The concept is illustrated by the need for technological and marketing developments that would help to prevent obesity. These would, for example, on long‐standing theory and recent field evidence, support the zero‐calorie drink break and its complete differentiation from the quick and convenient light meal.

Food‐borne disease caused by bacteria is acknowledged to be very widespread in Africa, Asia and Latin America but even in advanced areas of the world this is now giving rise to acute concern. The most common causes of this are examined here with special reference to England and Wales, the extreme seriousness of the problem is underlined and various precautionary measures at both producer and consumer levels are recommended for its alleviation.

The need for, and objectives of, a food policy and Ministry of Food are considered by reference to research investigating the views of the food chain, and the relevant literature. It is suggested that over half of the food chain would welcome a food policy and Ministry of Food, the reasons for these views and the possible effects of these suggestions being discussed. A number of contradictions in Government policy relating to food are considered. Even if the need for a food policy/Ministry of Food is agreed, their objectives and roles need to be clearly established, and this could be a major stumbling‐block to their implementation. These conclusions are based on research involving 683 farmers, companies and retailers in the food chain.

Nowadays, natural products are preferred for food safety and preservation due to the demand of consumers. The industrial methods which have been in use for a long period of time have had an adverse impact on organoleptic properties of foods or on human health. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the antibacterial effects of unripe grape products on natural and inoculated micro-flora of lettuce as an alternative functional and natural antibacterial agent for consumers and food industry.

The antibacterial effects of products on initial micro-flora of lettuce were detected. The lettuce samples were treated with products for different treatment times (0, 5 and 10 min). The antibacterial effects of products against inoculated micro-flora on lettuce were obtained. Lettuce samples were separately inoculated with food-borne pathogens (~4 log CFU/g) and treated with products for the same treatment periods.

Unripe grape products decreased the initial micro-flora by approximately 1 log CFU/g in 5 min. Unripe grape products dramatically inhibited the inoculated E. coli on lettuce samples right after the treatment. Majority of the unripe grape products decreased the number of S. Typhimurium and L. monocytogenes to an undetectable level in 5 min. S. aureus was the most resistant microorganism among the tested cultures. It was concluded based on the conspicuous results on the inhibition of E. coli, S. Typhimurium and L. monocytogenes that unripe grape products can be considered as natural antimicrobial agents for food safety.

This study is also valuable since it enables the in situ testing of the potential usage of unripe grape products against food-borne pathogens.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the opportunity for supply chain processes and infrastructure to reduce the risk of medical error and create traceability of adverse events in community care settings. Patient safety has become an important area of focus over the past few decades, with medical error now accounting for the third most common cause of death in Canada and the USA. The majority of patient safety studies to date have focused specifically on safety in hospital settings; however, deaths and harm experienced by patients in the community (home care, long-term care, complex care and rehabilitation settings) are not well understood.

This paper discusses the evidence that adverse events occur at similar, if not more, frequent rates in community care settings.

The authors propose that above and beyond current efforts to increase awareness and promote a “safety culture” in health-care settings, system infrastructure should be designed in a way that enables clinicians to provide the safest care possible. There is currently no line of sight across the health-care continuum. The authors suggest that improving system infrastructure would reduce the occurrence of adverse events.

Such visibility across the continuum of care holds the potential to transform health-care in Canada from a fragmented system, where information is inadequately captured and transferred from provider to provider, to a system that provides complete, accurate and up-to-date information regarding patient care, procedures, medications and outcomes so as to provide the best and safest care possible. System visibility achieves quality and safe care, which is transparent and accountable and achieves value for patients.

The purpose of this paper is to present empirical evidence on the opinion and behaviour of French scientists (senior management level) regarding research data management (RDM).

The results are part of a nationwide survey on scientific information and documentation with 432 directors of French public research laboratories conducted by the French Research Center CNRS in 2014.

The paper presents empirical results about data production (types), management (human resources, IT, funding, and standards), data sharing and related needs, and highlights significant disciplinary differences. Also, it appears that RDM and data sharing is not directly correlated with the commitment to open access. Regarding the FAIR data principles, the paper reveals that 68 per cent of all laboratory directors affirm that their data production and management is compliant with at least one of the FAIR principles. But only 26 per cent are compliant with at least three principles, and less than 7 per cent are compliant with all four FAIR criteria, with laboratories in nuclear physics, SSH and earth sciences and astronomy being in advance of other disciplines, especially concerning the findability and the availability of their data output. The paper concludes with comments about research data service development and recommendations for an institutional RDM policy.

For the first time, a nationwide survey was conducted with the senior research management level from all scientific disciplines. Surveys on RDM usually assess individual data behaviours, skills and needs. This survey is different insofar as it addresses institutional and collective data practice. The respondents did not report on their own data behaviours and attitudes but were asked to provide information about their laboratory. The response rate was high (>30 per cent), and the results provide good insight into the real support and uptake of RDM by senior research managers who provide both models (examples for good practice) and opinion leadership.

This study aims to systematically review the literature on the use of customer value for the evaluation of inter-organizational performance, with a wide perspective embracing different contexts and settings.

Searching within the Scopus and ISI Web of Science databases, a systematic literature review has been conducted analyzing 41 papers published between 1991 and 2020.

Categorization of customer value and inter-organizational performance measures were developed and the main differences among different settings were discussed.

The results presented in this study may be helpful for practitioners and managers who, in the completion of their activities, have to maintain strong and frequent relationships with other organizations. In fact, practitioners and managers interested in enhancing customer value and measuring inter-organizational performance may find an innovative perspective linking the two dimensions. They could find the categorizations presented in this study as a starting point for developing a performance evaluation framework suitable for evaluating their present business relationships. In fact, the categorizations provide a panorama of how scholars have measured until now inter-organizational performance through customer value, and therefore, they could choose the measures more appropriate for their situation.

No systematic literature review of the use of customer value for assessing inter-organizational performance has previously been undertaken, especially considering different settings.